Ffinancial regulation of the adaptive economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan: mechanisms and tools

Abstract

The article discusses the system of financial regulation of the economy of Kazakhstan from the point of view of its adaptability: ability to respond to external and internal shocks, structural changes and digital challenges. The main regulatory mechanisms (monetary, fiscal, financial market, green finance) and tools that the state and regulatory authorities use and can use to increase the stability and flexibility of the economy are analyzed. Particular attention was paid to the transition from a raw material model to a diversified model, the role of financial institutions, mechanisms for regulating digital financial assets (including plans for reforming financial legislation) and tools for "green" financing and sustainable development methodically, the article relies on comparative institutional analysis, regulatory review and synthesis of new research. The conclusions formulated recommendations for strengthening the regulatory system in the direction of increasing the adaptation of the economy, from improving the regulatory framework to incentives for the private sector and the introduction of innovative financial instruments. The main conclusion: the transition to a truly adaptive economy requires not only new rules, but also flexibility of regulation, the ability to predict and feedback with the market.